glutathione peroxidase selenium mechanism and Selenoproteins: Mechanisms, Health Functions, and Emerging Applications The role of selenium metabolism
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On the target cell surface, IGF1 binds IGF1R which auto-phosphorylates and activates a signaling cascade mediated by the phosphorylation of the Insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins and other effectors leading to the activation of Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways

[DOI] [Google Scholar] 14.Rauzier J, Moniz-Pereira J, Gicquel-Sanzey B

Curcumin and/or omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids supplementation reduces insulin resistance and blood lipids in individuals with high risk of type 2 diabetes: a randomised controlled trial

Jan 2011;34(1):10-15

By utilizing nanotechnology, enhanced drug delivery and targeting could be achieved (25)